主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 33-39.doi: 10.11927/j.issn.1673-503X.2016.01.005

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

成都地区春季一次持续性灰霾天气过程特征及预测

颜玉倩1, 朱克云1, 张杰2, 徐铖1   

  1. 1. 成都信息工程大学大气科学学院高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室, 四川成都 610225;
    2. 成都军区空军气象中心, 四川成都 610041
  • 收稿日期:2015-04-08 修回日期:2015-07-03 出版日期:2016-02-28 发布日期:2016-02-28
  • 通讯作者: 朱克云,E-mail:zhuky@cuit.edu.cn。 E-mail:zhuky@cuit.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:颜玉倩,女,1990年生,在读硕士研究生,主要从事气候变化及数值模拟研究,E-mail:yan_yq1113@sina.com。
  • 基金资助:
    四川省环境保护重大科技专项"川西平原城市群大气污染(灰霾)特征和成因研究"(2013HBZX01)资助。

Characteristics of a haze weather event and prediction during spring in Chengdu

YAN Yu-qian1, ZHU Ke-yun1, ZHANG Jie2, XU Cheng1   

  1. 1. School of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China;
    2. Meteorological Center of Air Force in Chengdu Military Area, Chengdu 610041, China
  • Received:2015-04-08 Revised:2015-07-03 Online:2016-02-28 Published:2016-02-28

摘要: 选取2013年2月25日至3月11日成都地区一次严重污染天气过程,利用成都地区环境监测中心站观测数据、成都市温江气象站观测资料、欧洲中心0.75°×0.75°再分析资料及成都信息工程学院风廓线雷达资料,对此次成都地区灰霾天气过程的特征进行了分析,研究不同气象条件对污染物扩散的影响,并建立了PM2.5浓度预测方程。结果表明:成都地区春季此次灰霾天气过程高空形势稳定,地面由均压场或弱低压控制且未形成降水时,有利于污染物的积聚与加强,但高空有低槽系统,低压一旦增强,灰霾消散的几率增大;垂直方向风速较小且为下沉气流,为灰霾天气的产生提供了有利条件。低层0-200 m之间存在较强的接地逆温,接地逆温层的结构对空气对流产生抑制作用,有利于水汽的积聚和雾的形成,出现灰霾天气的几率较大。出现灰霾天气时,混合层高度一般较低。采用逐步回归方法建立了PM2.5浓度预报模型并进行回代检验,在此基础上利用建立的模型对成都地区春季一次灰霾过程进行预报,结果表明,模型可准确的预报污染等级,预报效果较理想。

关键词: 灰霾, 逆温, 风廓线, 逐步回归

Abstract: A serious haze weather event from February 25 to March 12, 2013 was selected in this paper.Based on the environmental data from monitoring stations of Chengdu, meteorological data from weather stations, 0.75°×0.75° reanalysis data of ERA and wind profile radar data in Chengdu University of Information Technology, meteorological characteristics and effect of different meteorological conditions on pollutants diffusion in this process were analyzed.A forecast equation of PM2.5 concentration was established.The results show that it is stable in upper level.Surface is controlled by the uniform pressure field or weak low pressure and no precipitation.These conditions are favorable to formation of pollution.However, there is low trough system in upper altitude.If low pressure enhances on surface, haze dissipation probability increases.Low wind speed and downdraft in vertical direction avail to product haze weather.Temperature inversion in boundary layer is another important feature.Strong ground temperature inversion exists from 0 m to 200 m, and its structure has inhibitory effect on convection current and in favor of accumulating vapor to form the mist, thus there are more chances to generate haze weather.When there is a haze weather event, the height of mixing layer is generally low.A PM2.5 concentration model is established using a stepwise regression method, and its back inspection is done.Another haze weather event in spring in Chengdu is forecasted using this model.Pollution grade can be accurately forecasted, and its prediction results are relatively satisfactory.

Key words: Haze, Temperature inversion, Wind profile, Stepwise regression

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